Endocrine Abstracts

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease of epidemic proportions. Most of DM patients are classified as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that is linked with resistance to insulin action on target tissues. In 2015, 415 million people were living with DM worldwide with the highest prevalence rates recorded in the Oceania and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions. In Jordan, a MENA country, the prevalence of DM has increased from 13% to 17% over a 10-year period (1994–20...

Background: The worldwide type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence is increasing dramatically. Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM and development of insulin resistance. Lack of diabetic control is associated with alteration in the endocrine milieu and various health sequalae’s. The aim of this research was to assess if uncontrolled T2DM is associated with increased serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors when compared with controlled ...

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide. Mortality from DM is largely attributed to disease complications. Glycemic control of DM patients reduces mortality. Studies indicated that the lack of glycemic control in DM patients could be influenced by the genetic background of the patients. Evidence suggests that adiponectin levels are dysregulated in DM patients with poor glycemic control. Serum adiponectin level is a heritable trait influenced by sin...

Background: Type two Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly growing crisis. Data from several T2DM cohorts demonstrate that elevated levels of serum branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) increase the risk of the disease. BCAAs levels correlate with parameters that reflect glycemic control. Elevated levels of BCAAs in T2DM is associated with a higher risk of complications. Vitamin D plays an important role in regulating insulin action on target tissues. Normalization of serum vitam...

Introduction: It is suggested that hyperuricemia in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, which causes the destruction of beta cells of the pancreas and contributes to T2DM. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between vitamin D deficiency (which is reciprocally related to Serum Uric Acid (SUA) levels), hyperuricemia, and levels of ROS scavengers in T2DM patients, and to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on...

Purpose: Type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease of debilitating complications. Good glycemic control could delay disease progression and microvascular complications. Nonetheless, some patients cannot maintain glycemic control.Patients and Methods: We recruited 340 T2DM patients on metformin therapy and categorized them according to their HbA1c levels into patients with good vs poor glycemic control. The levels of serum leptin were measure...

Recent statistics indicate that prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequent cancer in men worldwide and is the leading cause of cancer death in men above 50 years of age. The Androgen receptor (AR), a member of the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors, plays a well-established role in the development and progression of the disease. PC localized to the prostate is commonly treated with surgical removal of the gland and is often associated with a favorable outcome. However, me...

Lipid peroxidation is linked with several metabolic diseases. Lipid peroxidation causes cellular damage through reactive aldehyde species such as 4-hydroxyonenal (4-HNE). The exact mechanism(s) by which 4-HNE causes damage in the intravascular compartment is not exactly known. Using an in vitro system, we investigated the damage induced by 4-HNE on the blood by measuring protein carbonyl groups and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) following 4-HNE treatm...

Background: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men worldwide. A marker of poor survival in prostate cancer patients is the loss of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN (phosphoinositide-3-phosphatase). Deletion of PTEN occurs in approximately 40% of prostate cancer patients, and is associated with early biochemical recurrence, metastatic potential, and androgen-independence. Androgen-deprivation-therapy (ADT) remains the princip...